ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Dwarf elliptical galaxy

Imagine if you were playing a game where you pretend to be a giant collecting little shiny marbles. And each marble you collect represents a star in the universe. Well, galaxies are like giant collections of stars, but some galaxies are small and have fewer stars, just like you might collect fewer marbles during the game.

Now, a dwarf elliptical galaxy is one of those smaller galaxies, but it's a special kind because it has a specific shape. It's shaped kind of like a squished, flattened ball or like a pancake that someone sat on. This shape is called "elliptical" because it looks like a stretched-out or elongated circle.

Some other things that make dwarf elliptical galaxies special are that they don't have a lot of gas or dust – which is what stars are made of – so they don't have as many new stars being born as some other galaxies. This means that the stars in a dwarf elliptical galaxy are usually old, and there are fewer of them overall.

Many dwarf elliptical galaxies also don't have a lot of activity going on at their center, unlike other types of galaxies. So they're like sleepy little galaxies, just minding their own business in the vast universe.

To sum it up, a dwarf elliptical galaxy is a small, squished-together ball of old stars that usually doesn't have much activity going on in the center.