A historical dictionary is like a special book that tells us about a word or phrase and how it has been used over time. Imagine we have a word like "computer." A historical dictionary tells us that people first started using the word back in the 17th century when they talked about things that could make calculations. Then, over the years, the word started to change and be used in different ways. People used it to describe machines that could do all kinds of tasks, not just math.
The historical dictionary shows us all the different ways people have used the word "computer" in the past, and it helps us understand how it came to mean what it means today. It's like a big time machine that takes us back in time so we can see how language has changed and evolved.