ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Historical glottometry

Historical glottometry is like playing a game of detectives. But instead of solving a mystery, we try to find out how people used to speak and how their languages changed over time.

You see, a long time ago, people didn't have a way of writing down their language, so we don't have any written records of how they spoke. But that's where historical glottometry comes in, because we can use other clues to help us figure out what their language sounded like.

We start by looking at languages that are related to each other, like French and Spanish, or English and German. We can compare these languages and see how they are similar or different from each other. We can also look at things like old poems, songs, and stories that were passed on from generation to generation in different languages. By examining the way they use words, sounds and grammar, we can start to piece together clues about how those languages used to be spoken.

We can also look at artifacts like pottery, paintings, and hieroglyphics. By comparing the symbols and pictures from different cultures, we can learn how different groups of people communicated with one another. We can even listen to recordings and videos of people today who speak similar languages to the ones we're studying.

Historical glottometry helps us learn more about the history of language and how it has evolved over time. It's like putting together a big puzzle with pieces from different languages and cultures. By finding those pieces and putting them together, we can imagine what life was like for these mysterious people from long ago.