Istishhad is when someone dies while carrying out a violent attack or act of terrorism, and they are considered to be martyrs in their cause. This idea comes mainly from Islamic tradition, where a martyr is seen as someone who dies for the sake of their religion or beliefs.
So, imagine you're playing a game with your friends, and you have to protect your treehouse from imaginary enemies. Suddenly, one of your friends gets hurt while trying to defend the treehouse. You might call them a hero, because they were brave enough to put themselves in harm's way for the sake of protecting something they believed in.
Now, imagine if the treehouse was actually your country, and there were real enemies trying to hurt it. If someone were to die while trying to protect their country or cause, they might be seen as a martyr – someone who died for the sake of their beliefs or the greater good.
This is what istishhad means in the context of violent attacks or acts of terrorism. People who carry out these acts might see themselves as martyrs, because they believe they are fighting for a cause they deeply believe in. However, it's important to remember that violence and harm towards others is never okay, even if one believes they are fighting for a cause.