Okay kiddo, imagine that you have a toy car that you really love. But one day, you notice that the wheels of the car are getting worn out and there are potholes on the road where you play with it. You feel sad because you know that your car will not be able to run smoothly anymore.
Now, imagine that the adults who make decisions in your city are in charge of fixing the roads and taking care of the environment. But one day, they say that they are not going to do anything to fix the roads, and they are not going to try and make the environment cleaner, even though it affects you and your toy car negatively. How would that make you feel?
The state of Massachusetts felt the same way when they noticed that the environment was getting worse and worse because of cars and factories emitting harmful gases into the air. So, they decided to do something about it and asked the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to put some rules in place to control how much of these harmful gases the companies could release.
However, the EPA said that they didn't have the power to do that, and they couldn't make any rules to help reduce the amount of harmful gases in the environment. Massachusetts didn't agree with the EPA's decision and decided to take them to court.
The case, called Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency, went all the way to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court agreed with Massachusetts and said that the EPA had the power to regulate the amount of harmful gases in the environment. This meant that companies would have to follow these rules and try to reduce the amount of pollution they create.
In simple terms, Massachusetts wanted to make the environment cleaner for everyone, but the EPA said they couldn't do it. Massachusetts took the EPA to court, and the Supreme Court ruled that the EPA has the power to control how much pollution companies create. This is important to help keep the environment clean and healthy for you and your toy car to play for long hours in the future.