The Origin of Species is a book written by Charles Darwin in 1859. It explains how different types of animals, including humans, came to exist. Darwin said that all species on Earth had evolved, or changed, over millions of years. He said that the different species had each started out as some sort of simple lifeform and changed, over time, into the animals and plants we see today. He also said that all living things are related, they all have descended from the same ancestor. This is called the theory of evolution.