ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Queueing theory

Queueing theory is a set of mathematical tools used to understand the behavior of things that wait in line. For example, if you go to buy a ticket for the movie theater, you will have to wait in line before you can buy your ticket. Queueing theory helps us understand why some lines are really long and some are really short. It also helps us figure out how much staff to have working and how to make the lines move faster.