ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Reference ellipsoid

A reference ellipsoid is like a big outer ball (or shape) that geographers use to measure and define the shape of the Earth. It is not the exact shape of the Earth, but it is a close estimate. The reference ellipsoid helps us understand directions, distances, and heights around the Earth. We use the reference ellipsoid to measure the size and shape of the Earth in a consistent way.