Subglacial eruption

Have you ever seen a volcano erupt? Well, imagine instead of it happening on land, it happens underneath a big ice sheet, like the ones in Antarctica. When the hot molten rocks from inside the Earth (called magma) rise up under the ice, they start to melt it, creating water.

Now, water takes up more space than ice, so it starts to create pressure and build up under the ice. This is kinda like when you blow too many balloons in a room and they start to push each other out of the way.

Eventually, the pressure gets too strong and the water finds a way to escape. This is called a subglacial eruption, and it's like a big water balloon popping. Instead of water, though, it's a mixture of water, ice, and rocks shooting out of the ground.

This can be super dangerous for people nearby, because it creates big floods that can wash away everything in their path. So it's important that scientists study subglacial eruptions to try and predict when they might happen and keep people safe.