Viral metagenomics is a way of studying viruses, which are tiny organisms that can cause illnesses. It is done by collecting samples from the environment, like soil or water, and then analyzing them. This helps scientists learn more about viruses and how they work. With viral metagenomics, scientists can look at very small pieces of genetic material in the samples and learn about the viruses in them. This helps us understand how these viruses cause illnesses, so we can create better treatments for them.