Evolution is a scientific theory that explains how living things have changed over millions of years. The Catholic Church is a religious institution that believes in God and follows the teachings of Jesus Christ.
Some people used to believe that everything in the world was created by God just as it is now. But scientists started finding evidence that living things have changed over time. For example, they found fossils of animals that don't exist anymore. They also discovered that DNA, a tiny molecule that carries genetic information, can change through mutations over time. This means that living things can change their appearance and behavior too.
When Charles Darwin published his book "On the Origin of Species" in 1859, he presented his theory of evolution, which explained how living things evolved from simpler organisms over millions of years. Some people were upset by this idea because they thought that evolution contradicted the Bible, which is a book that explains God's teachings. They thought that if evolution was true, it would mean that God didn't create everything as it is now.
The Catholic Church reacted to Darwin's theory in different ways over time. Some church officials rejected it completely, saying that God created everything exactly as it is now. But many Catholics eventually accepted the theory of evolution as a scientific explanation for how God created the world. They believed that God created the universe to be dynamic and constantly changing, and that evolution was part of His plan.
In 1950, Pope Pius XII even went so far as to say that Catholics are free to believe in evolution as long as they believe that God was behind it all. Since then, most Catholic officials have accepted the theory of evolution, although some still disagree. Today, many Catholic universities and schools teach evolution in their biology classes, and many Catholics see no conflict between their faith and the scientific understanding of how life evolved on Earth.