ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Nuclear fusion-fission hybrid

So, there are two ways to make energy from atoms: nuclear fusion and nuclear fission. Nuclear fusion is when two atoms join together to make a larger atom, and nuclear fission is when a larger atom breaks apart into two smaller atoms.

Now, scientists have been trying to figure out how to use these two methods together to create a nuclear fusion-fission hybrid. The idea is to use nuclear fusion to create the energy needed to make nuclear fission happen.

Think of it like this - imagine you have a big, heavy rock that you want to break into two smaller rocks. Normally, you would need a lot of energy (like hitting it with a hammer) to do this. But if you could somehow make the big rock into a ball, and then drop it from really high up, the energy from the fall could break it into two smaller rocks.

That's kind of like what a nuclear fusion-fission hybrid would do. We use nuclear fusion to create a lot of heat and pressure, which then forces a nucleus (the big rock) into a more unstable state. This makes it easier for nuclear fission to happen, and creates a lot of energy in the process.

Why do we want to do this? Well, nuclear fusion-fission hybrids have the potential to produce a lot more energy than just using nuclear fusion or fission alone. Plus, they can use materials that are more abundant and less dangerous than traditional nuclear fuels.

It's still a really complicated process, and scientists are still figuring out how to make it work. But the potential for clean, abundant energy is really exciting!