Political realism

Political realism is the idea that when countries deal with each other, they should focus on their own interests and how they can be protected, instead of doing things because they are nice or simply because they are good ideas.

Think of it this way: Imagine you have a toy that other kids want. If you give it to them just because you think it's nice, you might lose your favorite toy and that won't be good for you. But if you only give it away if you get something else in return or if you can be sure it won't hurt you, then you're thinking in a realistic way.

Similarly, countries need to think about what will benefit them the most and protect them from harm. This means making deals with other countries that will help their own interests, even if it doesn't make everyone happy.

Of course, this doesn't mean that countries can't be kind or helpful to each other. But when it comes down to it, they need to focus on their own well-being and safety, just like how you need to think about keeping your favorite toy safe.