Static application security testing is when we take a really close look at computer programs to make sure that they are safe and won't let bad guys do bad things with them.
Imagine you have a toy car. Before playing with it, your mom checks to see if all the parts are in the right place and that nothing is broken. This is kind of like what people do with computer programs, but instead of looking at the toy car, they look at the computer program's instructions.
When people check on these instructions, they're trying to figure out if there are any mistakes or loopholes that could let bad guys get in and mess with things they shouldn't be messing with.
So, instead of just making sure the toy car is in good shape, we're making sure that the program is working as it should and that there are no holes in it that someone could exploit. This can keep everyone who uses that program safe and protect the things they care about.