causality

Causality is a way of understanding why something happens. It's like a scientific detective game. Scientists observe something (like an event or behavior) and then try to figure out what caused it. For example, if scientists see that it is raining outside, they might try to figure out why it is raining. Is it because it is cloudy, or because it just rained earlier? They ask a lot of questions and use evidence to work out why the rain is happening. To help them figure out what caused the rain, scientists make predictions about what might happen and then test those predictions to see if they are right. This way, they can determine what caused the rain and be sure that they are right.