ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Arrhenotoky

Okay kiddo, so arrhenotoky is a big word that means something special about how baby bugs are made. You know how most animals have a mommy and a daddy who have to both contribute some of their genetic material to make a baby? Well, in arrhenotoky, things are a little different.

In some bugs, like some species of wasps and mites, the mommy is actually able to make baby bugs all on her own! She doesn't need a daddy bug to help her at all. Instead, she has special cells inside of her called "haploid eggs." These eggs only have one set of genetic material instead of two like normal eggs.

When the mommy bug lays these eggs, they don't hatch into baby bugs right away like normal eggs do. Instead, they wait for something special to happen. This is where the arrhenotoky part comes in. When the weather gets hot or something else triggers it, the haploid eggs will start to develop into baby bugs all on their own.

And here's where it gets even more interesting! In some species of bugs, like certain types of wasps, all of the baby bugs that come from haploid eggs are male. That means that in these species, the mommy bug is only able to make baby boy bugs on her own using arrhenotoky. This is why it's called arrhenotoky, because it produces only male offspring.

So, in summary kiddo, arrhenotoky is when a mommy bug is able to make baby bugs all on her own without needing a daddy bug. This happens because she has special haploid eggs that only need something special to happen before they can turn into baby bugs. And in some bugs, all of the baby bugs that come from these haploid eggs are male. Pretty cool, huh?
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