ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Brown dwarfs

Okay, kiddo, let's talk about brown dwarfs!

You know how we have the sun, right? It's this big ball of fire up in the sky that gives us light and warmth. Well, sometimes there are stars that aren't quite as big as the sun. They're still really big, but not big enough to be regular stars. We call these stars "brown dwarfs."

Now, brown dwarfs are really interesting because they're not quite stars and they're not quite planets. They're kind of in between! See, stars are made of gas and they give off a LOT of light and heat. Planets, on the other hand, are smaller and don't give off their own light and heat - they just reflect it from the star they orbit around.

Brown dwarfs are smaller than stars, but they're still made of gas and they can give off heat and light. However, they're not quite big enough to sustain the same kind of fusion reactions that the big stars (like the sun) can. That means they don't give off as much light and heat as a regular star, but they do still give off some.

So basically, a brown dwarf is like a "baby" star - it's on its way to becoming a full-fledged star, but it's not quite there yet. It's also not a planet because it's made of gas instead of rock and metal like planets are.

I hope that helps explain it, kiddo! If you have any other questions, feel free to ask.