An emission factor is a number that tells you how much of a pollutant a certain activity will release into the air. For example, if you drive a car, the emission factor can tell you how much pollution your car is releasing as a result. Emission factors are important because they help businesses and governments measure how much pollution is being created and where it's coming from. They can also help us figure out how to reduce emissions and make the air we breathe cleaner and healthier.