An identity document is a piece of paper that tells people who you are. It's like your ID card or your passport. It has important information on it like your name, your birth date, and where you're from.
So, say you're at the store and you want to buy something. The person at the store needs to know that you are who you say you are. They might ask you to show them your identity document, like your ID card. This way, they know you're not pretending to be someone else or stealing somebody's identity.
It's really important to have an identity document because it's proof that you are who you say you are. And lots of things, like traveling or getting a job, require you to have one. Just make sure you keep it safe and don't lose it!