Imagine you and your friends want to decide where to go for a party, but you all have different ideas. You want to go to the park, your friend wants to go to the beach, and your other friend wants to go to the arcade. You decide to organize a vote to see where the majority wants to go.
This is similar to how the party-list proportional representation system works. Instead of individuals voting for one person to represent their district, voters in a political party vote for that party as a whole. The number of votes that party receives determines how many seats they get in the government, and those seats are filled by members of that party chosen by the party itself.
So, let's say there are 100 seats in the government and three political parties: Party A, Party B, and Party C. In the election, Party A gets 40% of the votes, Party B gets 30% of the votes, and Party C gets 30% of the votes.
In a party-list proportional representation system, the number of seats each party gets is directly proportionate to the number of votes they receive. This means Party A would get 40 seats (40% of 100), Party B would get 30 seats (30% of 100), and Party C would get 30 seats as well (30% of 100).
Each party then fills those seats with members of their own party. So, if Party A has 40 seats, they would choose 40 members of their own party to fill those seats.
This system ensures that political parties with a significant amount of support from voters are represented in the government, rather than just the parties that win in specific districts.