Paleolinguistics is all about studying the languages that were spoken by ancient people. So, imagine there was a long time ago when people did not speak the same language as you and me. They spoke differently and used different words to communicate with each other. Paleolinguistics helps us understand and learn about these old languages.
To do that, paleolinguists look at old texts and manuscripts, like stories or religious texts, to figure out the words, grammar rules, and sentence structure that were used. They also use different tools and techniques like language comparison, phonology, and etymology.
Language comparison is when paleolinguists compare different languages and try to find similarities and differences. For example, they might compare an ancient Egyptian language to modern-day Arabic to see if there are any similarities between the two.
Phonology is all about studying how sounds are used in languages. Paleolinguists will study how sounds might have changed over time, or how different languages use different sounds.
Etymology is about studying the origins and history of words. Paleolinguists try to find out where words came from, how they evolved, and how they were used by people in the past.
By doing all of these things, paleolinguists can learn a lot about how people used to communicate with each other. They can even reconstruct old languages and understand how they might have evolved into the languages we speak today.