Have you ever played with toy castles and pretended to be a prince or a princess ruling over your kingdom? Well, a long time ago, some real grown-ups from France did something similar, but with real land and people.
France used to have a big empire called the French colonial empire. An "empire" means that you have control over a lot of places and people that are not part of your country. The French started to expand their empire in the 1600s by sending explorers and traders to different parts of the world. As they traveled, they found new lands and resources, which they saw as an opportunity to become more powerful.
As they started to get more power, the French began to control the people living in these lands. They made laws, built buildings, and took over the government. Sometimes, they even took the people who lived there as prisoners or slaves.
The French colonial empire grew and grew until it covered much of the world, including places like Canada, parts of the United States, the Caribbean, Africa, and Southeast Asia. But in the 1900s, people began to fight back against colonialism because it was unfair to the people who lived there.
Finally, many of the countries that were part of the French colonial empire gained their independence and were able to rule themselves. Today, these countries have their own governments and cultures, but they still share a history with France.