Okay kiddo, let me tell you about international sanctions.
Imagine you and your friends are playing a game where you have to follow some rules. If someone breaks the rules, they get a time-out or a punishment. That's kind of what international sanctions are, but on a bigger scale.
Countries can also play a game and have rules called international laws. If a country breaks these laws, other countries can put sanctions on them. Essentially, these are punishments that are meant to make the country stop whatever it's doing wrong.
Sanctions come in different shapes and sizes. Some might make it really hard for a country to import or export goods. Others might target specific people in the government by freezing their bank accounts or banning them from traveling to other countries.
Most countries don't want to be punished by sanctions, so they'll try to avoid breaking international laws. But if the rules are broken, it's up to other countries to decide what kind of punishment to give. And just like in your game with your friends, the hope is that the sanctions will encourage better behavior in the future.