An epigraph is like a special message that is written or engraved on a rock or a wall. Think of it like a secret code that ancient people used to write down important information.
Archaeologists (the people who study ancient things) really like to study epigraphs because they can give us clues about what the people who lived long ago believed in, what they did or did not like, and even what they ate!
It's almost like a treasure map, but instead of leading us to gold, it leads us to knowledge about people who lived before us. Isn't that exciting?